Are Grocery Store Eggs Fertilized? (differences & benefits)

I’ve bought eggs from a farm, but usually, I buy them from a grocery store. So I’ve wondered are grocery store eggs fertilized?

No. Most eggs sold in grocery stores are not fertilized, meaning the hens did not mate with a rooster before laying the eggs. But even fertile eggs sold in grocery stores may not hatch if they were kept too cold, or were packed more than 2 weeks earlier.

But there’s a lot more to know about fertilized eggs!

So in this article, we’re getting into the details! We’ll explore the differences between fertilized and unfertilized eggs. But we’ll also look at how to tell if an egg is fertilized and what the benefits are of fertilized eggs.

Lastly, we’ll also answer some of the most common questions about grocery stores and fertilized eggs.

Let’s get hatching!

What is the difference between fertilized and unfertilized eggs?

Fertilized eggs are the eggs laid by a hen, after mating with a rooster. If the hen lays eggs having not mated recently, those eggs are NOT fertilized.

We all know that chickens lay eggs.

Well, technically only female chickens which we call hens, lay eggs. Now, with human beings, unless science gets involved, it takes a man and a woman to conceive a child.

With chickens, however, they can lay eggs whether or not a rooster is around.

Generally speaking, eggs laid within a week of the rooster mating with the hen will be fertile. So will all fertilized eggs hatch?

It depends. For starters, if the eggs have been kept in the fridge, it’s much harder to hatch them. If you do want to try that (many have found success hatching the fertile eggs from Trader Joes), bring them to room temp before placing in the incubator.

Typically, eggs need to be incubated within 7 days of being laid and then kept in the incubator for 21 days before they will hatch.

Have grocery store eggs always been mostly unfertilized eggs?

No is the short answer.

If you go back 100 years before the dawn of trucking, factory farms, and large chain grocery stores, most of our ancestors ate fertilized eggs.

After cars replaced wagons and larger stores began to pop up and the demand for eggs to be shipped from one location to another came into play, most farmers got rid of the roosters.

Why?

Because roosters require feed and medical care but don’t really provide any improvement to the eggs. Being fertilized doesn’t make for larger eggs, more nutritious eggs, or help the chickens lay more eggs.

In short, the roosters were just an expense that didn’t provide any profit for the farmer, so they were phased out of the egg business by most farmers.

Are the eggs we eat fertilized?

No. Most of the eggs eaten by consumers are not fertilized. Most of us buy our eggs at a large grocery store chain. Those stores, in turn, often buy their eggs from some of the large egg suppliers in the US.

Because those egg companies are like large factory farms, the hens laying the hundreds of thousands of eggs each week are not kept around roosters.

So they are not mating, and the eggs they lay are not fertilized.

Those huge egg companies include:

  • Cal-Maine Foods (brands – Eggland’s Best, Farmhouse, 4Grain, Land o’ Lakes)
  • Rose Acre Farms Inc
  • Michael Foods Inc.(brands – Papetti’s, Abbotsford Farms, Davidson’s)
  • Hillandale Farms

That being said, most large grocery stores, and especially stores like Whole Foods, will carry some brands of fertilized eggs.

These brands will be more expensive and will be clearly labeled as fertilized eggs.

They are more expensive since they are usually very small farms compared to the huge mega-companies I listed above. Being a small operator, they have limited resources and smaller profits. So they are typically more expensive.

Some of the best-known brands of fertilized eggs include:

  • Trader Joes Fertilized Eggs
  • Rock Island Eggs

Can you hatch an egg from the supermarket?

Yes, you can sometimes hatch fertilized eggs from a supermarket if they have not been kept too cold and are not older than 2 weeks. But it’s usually much easier to hatch eggs from a hatching supplier or local farm.

For starters, eggs in the store have likely been kept cold (even though that isn’t technically necessary from a food safety standpoint).

And if the store (or delivery truck or warehouse) kept them too cold, any embryo inside the shell will have been killed off.

The cold inhibits (but doesn’t fully prevent) your ability to hatch an egg. And you should bring them to room temperature before placing them in the incubator.

For another, they are likely too old.

Once eggs get past the 2-week mark, the ability to hatch them goes way down. If your brand of fertile eggs has a pack date, that’s a great gauge to tell if they are new enough to try hatching.

Some egg brands, however, use a Julian dating system (just to complicate things).

Julian dating simply tells you the day of the year they were packed on. So Jan 1st is 001 and December 31st is 365. So you have to do a little math to figure that out.

Can an unfertilized egg hatch?

The primary reason most supermarket eggs can’t be hatched is that almost all eggs sold in supermarkets are not fertilized eggs.

No rooster mating with the hen, no baby.

So there’s biologically no way for a chicken to develop inside the eggshell. Unless you see the carton labeled “fertile” or “fertilized” they are NOT going to be fertile eggs and will not hatch.

How do farmers know if a chicken egg is fertilized?

Farmers have to know exactly when the roosters are mating with the hens to know if an egg is fertilized. They do this by ensuring the roosters are kept separately from the hens. Then when it’s time to mate, they are mixed, and the hen and rooster will mate leading to fertilized eggs.

Hens lay fertile eggs for about a week after mating with a rooster.

Any eggs laid within a week of that will likely be fertile.

But farmers also can tell fertilized eggs from unfertilized ones by doing something called candling. When candling, you hold the egg up to the flame of a candle so you can see the embryo. You might also notice blood spots too.

In candlelight, the shells of fertile eggs will also be more opaque or transparent.

Of course, in modern times, you can buy special lights to replicate candlelight specifically for this purpose. But no reason you can’t use a candle also.

Like everything in nature, it’s not an exact science. So it IS possible to buy a supposedly fertile egg and not be able to hatch it.

Are white eggs unfertilized?

White eggs can be both fertilized and unfertilized since egg color is determined by the breed of chicken and not by whether the hen has mated with a rooster.

So whether it’s brown, white, or some other shade, there’s no correlation between egg color and whether or not an egg is fertilized. For that matter, egg color has no bearing on nutrition or flavor either.

It’s just personal preference.

Are fertilized eggs more nutritious?

No. Fertilized eggs have no additional nutritional benefit over non-fertilized eggs.

As the USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection website state “There is no benefit in eating fertilized eggs. There is no nutritional difference in fertilized eggs and infertile eggs.”

So if there’s no difference why do some people eat them?

Great question! I think these days, and really for the past few decades, there has been a growing push to eat more naturally. That has lead many to seek out food with fewer additives, preservatives, artificial ingredients.

That’s what paved the way for stores like Whole Foods and why they dominate the market.

People want to eat more the way we ate before the modern push for convenience changed how we make, buy, and eat food. Fertilized eggs just naturally sort of fit in with that mentality.

But there’s no evidence to support that there’s any benefit to eating fertilized eggs.

Do fertilized eggs taste different?

No. In a blind taste test, you would be unable to detect any flavor difference between a fertile egg and a non-fertile one; even if you ate it raw.

Like I said in the section directly above, the idea of eating fertile eggs was driven by the natural foods movement that sprang out of the 1970s and 1980s.

Back then, there was a big push to get back to raising, processing, and eating food the way our ancestors did before all the modern conveniences started to take over.

But there is no flavor difference and no nutritional difference between fertile and unfertilized eggs.

Are free-range eggs fertilized?

Free-range eggs are not necessarily fertilized. This is because hens that are allowed to roam free, especially if the roosters are also allowed to roam free, can’t be tracked in terms of when or if they mate.

Free-range refers to allowing the hens to roam somewhat freely rather than being kept in cages. So in and of itself, free-range has NOTHING to do with whether or not the eggs are fertile.

The free-range movement came about after animal rights groups pointed out how inhumane the conditions often were in factory farms. It was common to cram hundreds of thousands of chickens into small cages and snip their beaks to make it easier for the workers and to maximize profits.

Free-range chickens don’t just roam the countryside.

And they also can’t just be left in a pen as predators like raccoons and foxes would get them. But they aren’t kept in tiny cages and do get some access to roaming free.

No doubt there may be some brands of eggs that are both free-range AND fertile. But the 2 things have nothing to do with each other.

Are organic eggs fertilized?

Organic eggs may or may not be fertile as organically-grown feed and whether the hens were allowed to mate to create fertilized eggs has nothing to do with each other.

Organic means the chickens are fed organically grown feed that has been certified organic. There are also organic standards regarding not adding hormones or antibiotics to the chickens (or the feed).

So again, while there very well could be eggs that are both organic and fertile, those 2 things have nothing to do with each other.

Do you struggle to peel hard-boiled eggs easily and without the egg looking like the surface of the moon?

In a recent article, I break down all the best ways to peel hard-boiled eggs perfectly, every time! What really surprised me was how much baking soda helps!

Just click that link to read it on my site.

Final Thoughts

In this article, we took an in-depth look at the world of fertilized eggs.

We explored the benefits and differences of fertilized and unfertilized eggs. But we also answered questions like “are organic eggs fertilized?”

Ultimately, we answered the big question of are grocery store eggs fertilized?

Do you prefer fertilized or unfertilized eggs?

Wanting to buy a small kitchen appliance?

Don’t forget to check out my Recommended Products Page (click to see my page) which breaks down all the best choices by category.

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Jeff Campbell

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